Sage Sankara said:~Talk as much philosophy as you like, worship as many Gods as you
please, observe ceremonies, and sing devotional hymns, but liberation will never
come, even after a hundred aeons, without realizing the Oneness.
Sage Sankara pokes
fun at ascetics and points out that all their austerities do not cause desires
to go. (Altar Flowers" Page 205, v.2 P.207 v.4)
The rituals mentioned in the karmakanda of the Vedas are sought
to be negated in the jnanakanda which is also part of the same scripture. While
the karmakanda enjoins upon you the worship of various deities and lays down
rules for the same, the jnanakanda constituted by the Upanishads ridicules the worshipper of deities as a dim-witted person no better than a beast.
This seems strange, the
latter part of the Vedas contradicting the former part. The first part deals
throughout with karma, while the second or concluding part is all about jnana. Owing to this difference, people have gone so far as to divide
our scripture into two sections: the Vedas (that is the first part) to mean the
karmakanda and the Upanishads (Vedanta) to mean the jnanakanda.
Sage Sankara:~ VC -Let erudite scholars quote all the scripture, let Gods be invoked
through sacrifices, let elaborate rituals be performed, let personal Gods be
propitiated---yet, without the realization of one‘s identity with the Self,
there shall be no liberation for the individual, not even in the
lifetimes of a hundred Brahmas put together (verses-6)
Liberation cannot be
the result of good works, for Sruti itself declares that there is no hope for
immortality through wealth. (Verses -7)
Religious rites and rigid ceremonies were passed down from
one generation to the next as a practice or set customs and tradition and
performed automatically with blind faith. Such worship based on the belief of
God does not reach God.
Religious rites and
ceremonies, yagnas, and homa-havans, or any other forms of
rituals are meant for the ignorant populace.
Belief in God without
knowing God in actuality holds the
worshiper more firmly in the grip of ignorance.
All worship and the
ceremonies rituals performed on the base of non-~Vedic Gods will not yield any
fruits. Deeper self-search reveals the
fact that worshiped, the worship and worshiper, and the world are merely an illusion created out of consciousness.
Religious rites and
ceremonies, yagnas and homa-havans, or any other forms of
rituals formal observance have
long since set in.
Religious rites and
ceremonies, yagnas, and homa-havans, or any other forms of
rituals are meant for the ignorant populace. In the Atmic path, the seeker has to
discard what is not needed to realize the truth, which is beyond the form, time, and space.
Religious rites and
ceremonies, yagnas and homa-havans, or any other forms of
rituals formal observance have
long since set in.
Mundaka Upanishad: ~ “The rituals and the sacrifices described in the Vedas deal
with lower knowledge. The sages ignored these rituals and went in search of
higher knowledge. ... Such rituals are unsafe rafts for crossing the sea of
samsara, of birth and death. Doomed to shipwreck are those who try to cross the
sea of samsara on these poor rafts. Ignorant of their own ignorance, yet wise
In their own esteem, these deluded men Proud of their vain learning go round
and round Like the blind led by the blind.
Sage Sankara pointed out that rituals
could in no way bring about wisdom, much less moksha. He asserted while the
rewards of the rituals were not a matter of direct realization, wisdom which is
the fruit of Vedanta is based on immediate and personal realization; one need
not have to wait for the reward nor one be in doubt whether the reward would or
would not come.
This was in sharp
contrast to the position taken by Mimamsakas who asserted that rituals alone
would lead one to higher levels of attainment. Further, the deities would
reward only those entitled to perform the rituals alone. The entitlement
involved the caste, creed, and other parameters.
Sage Sankara criticized
severely the ritualistic attitude and those who advocated such practices.
However, the texts that combined rituals with wisdom (jnana_karma_samucchaya) more in favor of the Mimamsaka position
came onto vogue, projecting Sage Sankara as the rallying force of the doctrine. His followers might have found Sage Sankara’s mission a hard task and therefore compromised the
liberating wisdom with the performance of rituals.
Sage Sankara says:
~ “The scriptures dealing with rituals,
rewards are therefore addressed to an ignorant person.
Sage Sankara:~ (11) As regards the rituals, Sage Sankara says,
the person who performs rituals and aspires for rewards will view himself in
terms of the caste into which he is born, his age, the stage of his life, his
standing in society, etc. In addition, he is required to perform rituals all
through his life. However, the Self has none of those attributes or tags.
Hence, the person who superimposes all those attributes on the changeless,
eternal Self and identifies the ‘Self’
with the body is confusing one for the other; and is, therefore, an ignorant
person. The scriptures dealing with rituals, rewards, etc. are therefore
addressed to an ignorant person. Adhyasa Bhashya
Sage Sankara:~ (11.1) This
ignorance (mistaking the body for Self) brings in its wake a desire for the
well-being of the body, aversion for its disease or discomfort, fear of its
destruction, and thus a host of miseries(anartha). This anartha is caused by
projecting karthvya(“doer” sense) and bhokthavya (object) on the Atman. Sankara
calls this adhyasa. The scriptures dealing with rituals, rewards, etc. are, therefore, he says, addressed to an ignorant person. Adhyasa Bhashya
Sage Sankara:~ (11.2) In short, the person who engages in rituals with
the notion “I am an agent, doer, thinker”, according to Sage Sankara, is
ignorant, as his behavior implies a distinct, separate doer/agent/knower; and
an object that is to be done/achieved/known. That duality is Avidya, an error
that can be removed by Vidya. Adhyasa Bhashya
Sage Sankara: ~ (12) Sage Sankara affirming his belief in one eternal unchanging reality (Brahman) and
the illusion of plurality drives home the point that Upanishads deal not with
rituals but with the knowledge of the Absolute (Brahma Vidya) and the
Upanishads give us an insight into the essential nature of the Self which is
identical with the Absolute, the Brahman. Adhyasa Bhashya
Sage Sankara: ~ Atman, the Self is verily Brahman
(God), being equanimous, quiescent, and by nature absolute Existence, Knowledge, and Bliss. Atman is
not the body that is non-existence itself. This is called true Knowledge
by the wise. : ~ Santthosh
Kumaar
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